Pediatric Differential Diagnosis

Overall Incidence

Tumor	Pediatric	Adult
Acute Leukemia	28%	2.3%
CNS tumors	21%	1.6%
Lymphomas	11%	4.3%
Neuroblastoma	7.5%	0%
Wilm's Tumor	6%	0%
Soft Tissue Sarcoma (RMS)	6%	< 0.5%
Osteosarcoma and Ewings'	5%	< 0.5%
Retinoblastoma	3%	0%
Others	12.5%	> 90%

Incidence by Age

Tumor	Age of Presentation
Neuroblastoma	median age 2-3 years
Wilm's Tumor	median age 3-4 years
Soft Tissue Sarcoma (RMS)	2-6 years old
Osteosarcoma	5-20 year of age, teens being most common
Ewings'	median age 15 years
Retinoblastoma	2-4 months

Race

• Wilms' tumor blacks > white > asian

Orbital mass

• RMS
• Neuroblastoma

Abdominal Mass

• Wilm's Tumor
• Neuroblastoma

Long bone or Pelvic bone presentation

• half of the bone lesions are malignant

Primary Tumors

Name	Frequency	Age of presentation	Location in bone
Osteosarcoma	most common primary bone tumor	2nd Decade of life	Rapidly growing bones
Ewing's Tumor	2nd most common	Median age of 15 years	Long bones Pelvis Chest Wall
Chondrosarcoma	3rd most common